CNC machining kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi
I-CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining iyinqubo yokukhiqiza insimbi ethuthukisiwe engakhiqiza imikhiqizo yensimbi enembayo ephezulu nesezingeni eliphezulu.
1. Izimiso zenqubo kanye nezinzuzo
Umgomo wenqubo
Imishini ye-CNC ilawula ngokunembile ukunyakaza kwamathuluzi omshini nokusika amathuluzi okusika ngohlelo lokulawula idijithali lwekhompiyutha, futhi yenza imisebenzi yokusika, ukubhoboza, ukugaya, neminye imishini ezintweni zensimbi ngokuya ngezinhlelo zokukhanda ezibhalwe ngaphambilini. Ingakwazi ukucubungula kancane kancane ucezu lwensimbi eluhlaza ibe izingxenye noma imikhiqizo enobumo obuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nobukhulu obunembe kakhulu.
inzuzo
Ukunemba okuphezulu: ekwazi ukuzuza ileveli ye-micrometer noma ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu, iqinisekisa ukunemba nokuvumelana kobukhulu bomkhiqizo. Lokhu kuvumela imikhiqizo yensimbi eyenziwe ngomshini ye-CNC ukuthi ihlangabezane nezimo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza ezidinga ukunemba, njenge-aerospace, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, neminye imikhakha.
Ikhono lokucubungula umumo oyinkimbinkimbi: Ingakwazi ukucubungula kalula ubujamo bejiyomethri abahlukahlukene, noma ngabe ijika, indawo engaphezulu, noma izingxenye ezinezici eziningi, ingenziwa ngokunembile. Lokhu kunikeza inkululeko enkulu yokuklama umkhiqizo, okuvumela abaklami ukuthi bathole imiklamo emisha.
Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu: Uma uhlelo lokucubungula selusethiwe, ithuluzi lomshini lingasebenza ngokuqhubekayo nangokuzenzakalelayo, lithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zendabuko zemishini, i-CNC machining ingakhiqiza imikhiqizo eminingi ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ukuguquguquka kwempahla ebanzi: ifanele izinto ezahlukahlukene zensimbi, njenge-aluminium alloy, insimbi engagqwali, ingxubevange ye-titanium, njll. Izinto zensimbi ezahlukahlukene zingakhethwa ngokuya ngezidingo zokusebenza kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamakhasimende ahlukene. .
2. Iyacubungula ukugeleza
Ukuklama nokuHlela
Okokuqala, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zekhasimende noma imidwebo yomklamo womkhiqizo, i-CAD yobungcweti (umklamo osizwa ngekhompuyutha) kanye nesofthiwe ye-CAM (ukukhiqiza okusizwa ngekhompuyutha) isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo nokubhala uhlelo lomshini. Enqubweni yokuklama, onjiniyela badinga ukucabangela izici ezifana nokusebenza komkhiqizo, ukwakheka, nezimfuneko zokunemba, futhi bahumushe lezi zidingo zibe izinqubo zokuwenza ezithile nezindlela zamathuluzi.
Ngemva kokuphothulwa kohlelo lomshini, ukuqinisekiswa kokulingisa kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulunga kanye nokuba nokwenzeka kohlelo. Ngokulingisa inqubo yokwenza imishini, izinkinga ezingaba khona njengokungqubuzana kwamathuluzi nemvume enganele yomshini zingabonakala kusenesikhathi, futhi ukulungiswa okuhambisanayo nokuthuthukiswa kungenziwa.
izitolo ezigciniwe
Khetha izinto zensimbi ezifanele ngokwezidingo zomkhiqizo bese uzisika zibe osayizi abafanelekile kanye nokwakheka njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zokucubungula. Mayelana nokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kuyadingeka ukucabangela izinkomba zokusebenza ezifana namandla, ukuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nezici ezifana nezindleko nokucutshungulwa.
Izingxenye ezingenalutho ngokuvamile zidinga ukwelashwa kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokucubungula, njengokususa ukungcola okungaphezulu njengesikali se-oxide namabala kawoyela, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokucubungula.
Icubungula ukusebenza
Lungisa izingxenye ezingenalutho ezilungisiwe kuthebula lokusebenza lomshini we-CNC futhi uqinisekise ukuthi aziguquki phakathi nenqubo yomshini usebenzisa izinto zokulungisa. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuya ngezidingo zohlelo lomshini, khetha ithuluzi elifanele bese ulifaka kumagazini wamathuluzi wethuluzi lomshini.
Ngemuva kokuthi ithuluzi lomshini seliqalisiwe, ithuluzi lokusika lisika okungenalutho ngokwendlela enqunywe kusengaphambili kanye nemingcele. Phakathi nenqubo yomshini, ithuluzi lomshini lizoqapha isikhundla, isivinini, amandla okusika kanye neminye imingcele yethuluzi ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi lizilungise ngokusekelwe olwazini lwempendulo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuzinza kwemishini.
Kwezinye izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi, kungase kudingeke izinyathelo eziningi zokucubungula, njengokusebenza kanzima ukuze kukhishwe izinto eziningi, okulandelwa ukunemba okuncane nokunemba ukuze kuthuthukiswe kancane kancane ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yezingxenye.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi
Ngemuva kokucubungula, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kuyadingeka kumkhiqizo. Izinto zokuhlola zihlanganisa ukunemba kobukhulu, ukunemba komumo, ukuhwalala komhlaba, ukuqina, njll. Amathuluzi okuhlola avamile kanye nezinto zokusebenza zihlanganisa amathuluzi okulinganisa ahlanganisayo, amamitha wokugwedla, abahloli bokuqina, njll.
Uma izinkinga zekhwalithi zitholakala emkhiqizweni ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya izizathu futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezihambisanayo zokuthuthukisa. Isibonelo, uma usayizi udlula ukubekezelelana, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ulungise uhlelo lomshini noma amapharamitha wamathuluzi bese wenza umshini futhi.
3, Izindawo zokufaka isicelo somkhiqizo
I-Aerospace
Emkhakheni we-aerospace, izingxenye zensimbi ezikhiqizwa imishini ye-CNC zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinjinini zezindiza, izakhiwo ze-fuselage, igiya lokuhlala nezinye izinto. Lezi zingxenye ngokuvamile zidinga amandla aphezulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, nokuthembeka okuphezulu, kanye nemishini ye-CNC ingahlangabezana nalezi zidingo eziqinile. Isibonelo, izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nama-blade namadiski ophephela ezinjinini zezindiza akhiqizwa ngomshini we-CNC.
Ukukhiqiza izimoto
Imboni yezimoto futhi iyindawo ebalulekile yokufakwa kwezicelo ze-CNC machining yemikhiqizo yensimbi. I-cylinder block, i-cylinder head, i-crankshaft nezinye izingxenye zezinjini zezimoto, kanye nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwe-chassis kanye nesistimu yokudlulisa, konke kungakhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bemishini ye-CNC. Izingxenye zensimbi ezikhiqizwa imishini ye-CNC zingathuthukisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwezimoto ngenkathi zehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
amathuluzi ezokwelapha nezinsimbi
Imishini yezokwelapha idinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo, futhi imishini ye-CNC idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwemishini yezokwelapha. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo efana namalunga okwenziwa, amathuluzi okuhlinza, amathuluzi amazinyo, njll. yonke idinga ukwenziwa kwe-CNC ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwayo kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso eziqinile zomkhakha wezokwelapha.
Ukuxhumana ngogesi
Izingxenye zensimbi ezifana nama-casings, osinki bokushisa, nezixhumi kumishini yokuxhumana ye-elekthronikhi ngokuvamile zikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa imishini ye-CNC. Lezi zingxenye zidinga ukuba ne-conductivity enhle, ukuchithwa kokushisa, namandla emishini, futhi imishini ye-CNC ingakwazi ukukhiqiza ngokunembile lezi zingxenye ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokuklama, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza okuphezulu kwemishini yokuxhumana ye-elekthronikhi.
Ukukhiqiza isikhunta
I-CNC machining nayo isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni isikhunta. Isikhunta singamathuluzi abalulekile asetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni ekubumbeni, njengokubumba komjovo, isikhunta se-die-casting, njll. Ngokusebenzisa imishini ye-CNC, isikhunta esinembayo esiphezulu nesiyinkimbinkimbi singenziwa, siqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo ekhiqiziwe inokunemba okuhle kwe-dimensional kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. .
4, Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi kanye nesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa
ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi
Sinamathela ngokuqinile ezimisweni zesistimu yokuphatha ikhwalithi yomhlaba wonke, siqhuba ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kuzo zonke izigaba kusukela ekuthengeni impahla eluhlaza kuya ekulethweni komkhiqizo. Sisebenzisa izinto zensimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi sisungula ubudlelwano besikhathi eside nabahlinzeki abaziwayo ukuze siqinisekise izinga elizinzile nelithembekile lezinto zokusetshenziswa.
Ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, sisebenzisa imishini ethuthukisiwe yokucubungula nezindlela zokuhlola ukuze sihlole ngokuphelele futhi sigade umkhiqizo ngamunye. Ochwepheshe bethu abangochwepheshe banolwazi olucebile nolwazi lobungcweti, futhi bayakwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha futhi baxazulule izinkinga eziphakamayo phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, baqinisekise ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ihlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende.
isevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa
Sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni amakhasimende ngesevisi yekhwalithi ephezulu emva kokuthengisa. Uma amakhasimende ehlangabezana nezinkinga ngenkathi esebenzisa umkhiqizo wethu, sizophendula ngokushesha futhi sinikeze ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe. Singahlinzeka ngokulungiswa komkhiqizo, ukunakekelwa, ukushintshwa kanye nezinye izinsizakalo ngokuya ngezidingo zamakhasimende.
Sizophinde sivakashele amakhasimende njalo ukuze siqonde ukusetshenziswa kwawo nempendulo ngemikhiqizo yethu, futhi siqhubeke sithuthukisa imikhiqizo yethu namasevisi ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zawo nalokho akulindele.
Kafushane, imikhiqizo yensimbi ekhiqizwa ngomshini we-CNC inezinzuzo ezifana nokunemba okuphezulu, ikhwalithi ephezulu, nekhono eliqinile lokucubungula izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana ne-aerospace, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, kanye nokuxhumana ngogesi. Sizoqhubeka nokunamathela kumgomo wekhwalithi kuqala futhi ikhasimende kuqala, sinikeze amakhasimende imikhiqizo namasevisi asezingeni eliphezulu.
1,Mayelana nobuchwepheshe bemishini ye-CNC
Q1: Iyini imishini ye-CNC?
A: Umshini we-CNC, owaziwa nangokuthi umshini wokulawula izinombolo zekhompyutha, inqubo yokukhiqiza esebenzisa izinhlelo zekhompiyutha ukulawula amathuluzi omshini ukwenza ukusika okunembile, ukubhola, ukugaya, nokunye ukusebenza ezintweni zensimbi. Ingakwazi ukucubungula izinto zokusetshenziswa zensimbi zibe yizimo ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezingxenye ezidingekayo noma imikhiqizo enembayo ephezulu.
Q2: Yiziphi izinzuzo CNC machining?
A: Ukwenza imishini ye-CNC kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile ezilandelayo:
Ukunemba okuphezulu: Ingakwazi ukufinyelela izinga le-micrometer noma ukunemba okuphezulu nakakhulu, iqinisekisa ukunemba nokuvumelana kobukhulu bomkhiqizo.
Ikhono lokucubungula umumo oyinkimbinkimbi: ikwazi ukucubungula kalula ubujamo bejiyomethri abahlukahlukene ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zedizayini ezihlukene.
Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokukhiqiza: Uma uhlelo selusethiwe, ithuluzi lomshini lingasebenza ngokuqhubekayo, lithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Ukuguquguquka kwempahla ebanzi: ilungele izinto ezahlukahlukene zensimbi, njenge-aluminium alloy, insimbi engagqwali, i-titanium alloy, njll.
Q3: Yiziphi izinto zensimbi ezifanele umshini we-CNC?
A: CNC machining ifaneleka ezihlukahlukene metal materials ezivamile, kuhlanganise kodwa kungagcini:
Ingxubevange ye-Aluminium: Ngamandla amahle okulinganisa isisindo, isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace, izimoto, i-electronics nezinye izinkambu.
Insimbi engagqwali: Inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa emishinini yezokwelapha, imishini yokucubungula ukudla, amakhemikhali, njll.
Ingxubevange ye-Titanium: Inamandla amakhulu nokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile, inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile emikhakheni esezingeni eliphezulu njenge-aerospace kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.
Ingxubevange yethusi: Ine-conductivity enhle kagesi kanye ne-thermal futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni we-electronics nobunjiniyela bukagesi.
2,Mayelana Nekhwalithi Yomkhiqizo
Q4: Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngomshini we-CNC?
A: Siqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngokusebenzisa izici ezilandelayo:
Ukuthengwa kwempahla eluhlaza okuqinile: Khetha kuphela izinto zensimbi zekhwalithi ephezulu futhi uthenge kubahlinzeki abathembekile.
Imishini yokucubungula ethuthukisiwe namathuluzi okusika: gcina futhi ubuyekeze imishini ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokusebenza kwayo; Khetha amathuluzi wokusika wekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yokusika.
Abahleli bezinhlelo nabasebenza ngochwepheshe: Abahleli bethu bezinhlelo nabaqhubi baqeqeshwe kanzima futhi bahlolwa, benolwazi olucebile nolwazi lomsebenzi.
Isistimu yokuhlola ikhwalithi ebanzi: Ukuhlolwa okuningi kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula, okuhlanganisa ukukalwa kosayizi, ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwendawo, ukuhlolwa kokuqina, njll., ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezidingo zedizayini kanye namazinga ekhwalithi.
Q5: Kuyini ukunemba kwemikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe ye-CNC?
A: Ngokuvamile, ukunemba komshini we-CNC kungafinyelela ku-± 0.01mm noma ngisho nangaphezulu, kuye ngezici ezifana nosayizi womkhiqizo, umumo, impahla, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula. Kweminye imikhiqizo edinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu, sizosebenzisa amasu okucubungula akhethekile nezindlela zokuhlola ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi izidingo zokunemba ziyahlangatshezwa.
Q6: Ithini ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo?
A: Singakwazi ukulawula ukuqina komkhiqizo ngokulungisa imingcele yokucubungula nokukhetha amathuluzi okusika afanelekile. Imvamisa, ukwenza imishini ye-CNC kungafinyelela ikhwalithi ephezulu yendawo, enobuso obushelelezi futhi akukho mihuzuko esobala noma amaphutha. Uma amakhasimende anezidingo ezikhethekile zekhwalithi engaphezulu, singahlinzeka ngezinqubo ezengeziwe zokwelashwa kwendawo efana nokupholisha, ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi, i-anodizing, njll.
3,Mayelana nomjikelezo wokucubungula
Q7: Uyini umjikelezo wokulethwa kwemikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe ye-CNC?
IMP: Umjikelezo wokulethwa ungahluka kuye ngezinto ezifana nobunkimbinkimbi, ubuningi, nezinto zokwakha zomkhiqizo. Ngokuvamile, izingxenye ezilula zingathatha izinsuku zokusebenza ezingu-3-5, kuyilapho izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi zingathatha izinsuku zokusebenza ezingu-7-15 noma ngaphezulu. Ngemva kokuthola i-oda, sizohlinzeka ngesikhathi sokulethwa esinembile ngokusekelwe esimweni esithile.
Q8: Yiziphi izici ezithinta umjikelezo wokucubungula?
A: Izinto ezilandelayo zingathinta umjikelezo wokucubungula:
Ubunkimbinkimbi bomklamo womkhiqizo: Uma ukwakheka kwengxenye kuyinkimbinkimbi, izinyathelo zokucubungula ezengeziwe, kanye nomjikelezo wokucubungula isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokulungiselela impahla: Uma izinto ezidingekayo zingajwayelekile noma zidinga ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso okukhethekile, ukuthengwa kwempahla kanye nesikhathi sokulungiselela singakhuphuka.
Ubuningi bokucubungula: Ukukhiqizwa kweqoqo kuvamise ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kunokukhiqizwa kwesiqephu esisodwa, kodwa sonke isikhathi sokucubungula sizokhula ngokwanda kwenani.
Ukulungiswa kwenqubo nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi: Uma ukulungiswa kwenqubo noma ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okuningi kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokucubungula, umjikelezo wokucubungula uzonwetshwa ngokufanayo.
4,Mayelana Namanani
Q9: Inqunywa kanjani intengo yemikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe ye-CNC?
A: Intengo yemikhiqizo yemishini ye-CNC inqunywa ikakhulukazi izici ezilandelayo:
Izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo: Izinto zensimbi ezehlukene zinezintengo ezihlukile, futhi inani lezinto ezisetshenziswayo nalo lizothinta izindleko.
Ubunzima bokucubungula namahora okusebenza: Ubunkimbinkimbi bomkhiqizo, izidingo zokunemba kokucubungula, izinqubo zokucubungula, njll. konke kuzothinta amahora okucubungula, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte intengo.
Ubuningi: Ukukhiqizwa kweqoqo kuvame ukujabulela izaphulelo zamanani athile ngoba izindleko ezigxilile ezabelwe umkhiqizo ngamunye zizoncishiswa.
Izidingo zokwelashwa kwendawo: Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa okwengeziwe okungaphezulu, okufana ne-electroplating, spraying, njll., kuzonyusa izindleko.
I-Q10: Ungakwazi ukunikeza isilinganiso?
A: Kungenzeka. Sicela unikeze imidwebo yedizayini noma imininingwane enemininingwane yomkhiqizo, futhi sizoyihlola ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho futhi sikunikeze ikhotheshini enembile ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
5,Mayelana Nomklamo Nokwenza Ngokwezifiso
I-Q11: Singakwazi yini ukucubungula ngokwemidwebo yedizayini yekhasimende?
A: Yebo ungakwazi. Samukela amakhasimende ukuthi ahlinzeke ngemidwebo yokuklama, futhi ochwepheshe bethu abangochwepheshe bazohlola imidwebo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi kungenzeka yini ngokomsebenzi wobuciko. Uma kukhona izinkinga noma izindawo ezidinga ukuthuthukiswa, sizoxhumana nawe ngokushesha.
I-Q12: Uma ingekho imidwebo yokuklama, ungahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuklama?
A: Singahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuklama. Ithimba lethu labaklami linokuhlangenwe nakho okucebile nolwazi lomsebenzi, futhi lingaklama imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo nemibono yakho. Phakathi nenqubo yokuklama, sizogcina ukuxhumana okuseduze nawe ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi isiphakamiso sokuklama sihlangabezana nalokho okulindele.
6,Mayelana nesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa
Q13: Ungabhekana kanjani nezinkinga zekhwalithi ngomkhiqizo?
IMP: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zekhwalithi ngomkhiqizo owutholayo, sicela usithinte ngokushesha. Sizohlola udaba futhi uma ngempela kuyinkinga yethu yekhwalithi, sizoba nesibopho sokulungisa mahhala noma ukushintshwa komkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sizohlaziya izimbangela zenkinga futhi sithathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela izinkinga ezifanayo ukuthi zingenzeki futhi.
I-Q14: Ingabe uyazinikeza izincomo zokunakekelwa nokugcinwa komkhiqizo?
IMP: Yebo, sizohlinzeka amakhasimende ngokulungiswa kokulandelela kanye neziphakamiso zokulondoloza imikhiqizo yethu. Isibonelo, kwezinye izingxenye ezijwayele ukuguga, sincoma ukuthi zihlolwe njalo futhi zishintshwe; Ngemikhiqizo edinga izimo ezikhethekile zokulondoloza, sizokwazisa amakhasimende ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezihambisanayo. Lezi ziphakamiso zingakusiza welule isikhathi sokuphila somkhiqizo wakho futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza kwawo okuzinzile.
Ngithemba ukuthi okuqukethwe okungenhla kungaphendula imibuzo yakho mayelana nokwenza imishini ye-CNC kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi. Uma uneminye imibuzo, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
